The polymorphism of drugs has been the subject of intense interest in the pharmaceutical industry. Polymorphism presents a challenge to pharmaceutical scientists who wish to produce drugs of consistent quality. The potential impact of changing crystal forms during late-stage drug development, in terms of cost and product delay, justifies systematic and early characterization of polymorphs. The techniques considered – crystallography, spectroscopy, microscopy and thermal techniques – examine different aspects of structure, dynamics and energetics of a compound in the solid state. DSC is a thermal method of analysis that is widely used to study thermal transitions. HSM is an analytical technique which combines the properties of microscopy and thermal analysis to enable the solid state characterization of materials. The XRPD technique captures the three dimensional diffraction patterns in a two-dimensional plot. NMR spectroscopy indicates the presence of configurational or conformational multiplicity present in the solid state. All these techniques have enabled comprehensive and advanced understanding of polymorphic forms which are recorded more quickly and accurately.
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